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John Howard Griffin
John Howard Griffin (June 16, 1920 – September 9, 1980) was an American journalist and author, much of whose writing was about racial equality. He is best known for darkening his skin and journeying through Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Georgia to experience segregation in the Deep South in 1959. He wrote about this experience in his 1961 book ''Black Like Me''.
==Early life==
Griffin was born in Dallas, Texas to John Walter Griffin and Lena May Young.〔(Article about Griffin ), tshaonline.org; accessed October 5, 2015.〕 His mother was a classical pianist, and Griffin acquired his love of music from her. Awarded a musical scholarship, he studied French and literature at the University of Poitiers and medicine at the École de Médecine. At 19, he worked as a medic in the French Resistance at the Atlantic seaport of Saint-Nazaire, where he helped smuggle Austrian Jews to safety and freedom.
Griffin then served 39 months in the United States Army Air Corps, stationed in the South Pacific, during which he was decorated for bravery. He spent 1943–44 as the only Caucasian on Nuni, one of the Solomon Islands, where he was assigned to study the local culture; he even married an islander.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Handbook of Texas Online )〕 His novel ''Nuni'' (1956) is a semi-autobiographical work that draws heavily on his year "marooned" on the island (during which time a bout with spinal malaria left him temporarily paraplegic) and shows an interest in ethnography which he followed more fully in ''Black Like Me'' (1961).〔
Blinded in a 1946 accident in the United States Army Air Corps, he began to write. He came home to Texas, converted to Roman Catholicism in 1952, becoming a lay Carmelite, and taught piano. In 1953, he married (with dispensation from the Vatican on account of his first marriage) one of his students, Elizabeth Ann Holland, with whom he had four children. In 1957, he regained his eyesight and became an accomplished photographic artist. Griffin's experiences with blindness were published in 1962 as ''Scattered Shadows: A Memoir of Blindness and Vision''.〔''Focus Newman,'' University of New Mexico, Vol. 8, No. 1, October 1964.〕
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